Economie - Ces diplômés qui fuient vers le Maroc

[alto]

De plus en plus de diplômés français d'origine immigrée retournent dans le pays d'origine de leurs parents, faute d'emplois en France. Et plus particulièrement vers le très dynamique Maroc.
Nawal El Kahlaoui, une Française d'origine marocaine, a décidé de prendre son destin en main. Faute d'opportunité, cette jeune femme de 35 ans, née près de Paris et fille d'un Marocain venu en France pour exercer la profession de mécanicien, est retournée au Maroc après ses études pour trouver un emploi, explique-t-elle au Wall Street Journal.
Avec deux diplômes, un en chimie et un en marketing, Nawal El Kahlaoui n'arrivait pas à trouver un emploi intéressant en France. "J'aime le Maroc, car ce pays m'a donné ma chance", explique aujourd'hui cette consultante à Casablanca. Avant ce poste, elle a réussi à décrocher au Maroc un emploi dans le groupe pharmaceutique français Pierre Fabre, puis le fabricant de cosmétiques allemand Beiersdorf.
Le phénomène concerne toutes les origines nationales, mais plus particulièrement le Maroc. Avec une croissance qui devrait encore atteindre les 4% cette année et une ouverture de plus en plus grande aux sociétés étrangères, le pays attire les multinationales. Les jeunes diplômés français d'origine Marocaine sont particulièrement recherchés, car il s'agit d'une main-d'œuvre qualifiée également capable grâce à ses racines de comprendre la culture locale.
De leur côté, les Français qui reviennent vers leurs racines accèdent à un niveau de vie confortable étant donné le faible coût de la vie. Heureuse, Nawal El Kahlaoui espère un jour revenir en France, "quand le système pourra accepter les gens comme moi".
Les études françaises sur le sujet ne sont pas légion, en raison du peu de statistiques éthiques officielles. Mais toutes concordent. Dans leur article Mobilité intergénérationnelle et persistance des inégalités (2005), Dominique Meurs, Ariane Pailhé et Patrick Simon notait ainsi un "plus grand différentiel entre le niveau scolaire et les opportunités offertes sur le marché de l’emploi" dans les populations immigrées et d'origine immigrées.
"Si une modification substantielle des formes d’activité est intervenue d’une génération à l’autre, les secondes générations (descendants d'immigrés, ndlr) connaissent toujours d’importantes difficultés pour entrer sur le marché du travail", conclut l'étude, basée sur l'enquête Etude de l’Histoire Familiale de l'INSEE (1999). "Ce handicap d’une origine héritée témoigne de l’existence de discriminations", ajoute les auteurs.
Dans son étude "Les étrangers: une main d'œuvre à part" (1991), Eric Maurin concluait, sur la base du recensement de 1982, qu'il existait une "spirale de la précarité". Il calculait notamment un risque de chômage supérieur de 79% pour les Maghrébins par rapport à la référence française.
Les choses évoluent, mais très lentement. Pendant ce temps, d'autres Français dans le même cas que Nawal El Kahlaoui franchissent le pas. Les parents de Barka Biye ont quitté le Maroc quand elle avait juste 2 mois. Juriste, elle a travaillé plusieurs années en France avant de faire le grand saut. "Je pensais que je pouvais participer à mon niveau aux grandes évolutions à l'œuvre dans ce pays", résume Barka Biye, aujourd'hui cadre chez un assureur français à Casablanca. Un poste glané après seulement deux semaines de recherche.
Julien Beauvieux
source : E24.fr l'économie décrypté

[alien]

un témoignage trés intéressant.

On a durant ces dernières années bp parlé du phénomène du retour, le Maroc séduit en plus de ses expatriés, les cadres étrangers qui s'expatrient à leur tour surtout dans les domaines des banques, assurances, telecoms, Informatique, Offshoring, Immobilier ..Etc

[auscasa]

un ami indien m'a donne cet article du wall street journal, c'est un ancien article qui date d'un mois au min.

[diablo-colorado]

le Maroc seduit en plus de ses expatriés

Et oui ! le phénomène de rétro migration est le résultat direct des longues années de réformes économiques , on peut en être fier .
*****

L'article de The Wall Street Journal :

By SEBASTIAN MOFFETT

PARIS -- Nawal El Kahlaoui grew up near Paris as the daughter of a mechanic who left Morocco to seek a better life in France. But after finishing her university studies here, Ms. Kahlaoui moved back to Morocco to find work.

"I love Morocco, as the country gave me a chance," says the 35-year-old retail consultant in Casablanca. "It's a land of opportunity." A growing number of well-educated French people of immigrant backgrounds are returning to their parents' homelands.

There are no official figures on the number of "returnees," and government officials, scholars and employment agencies say the number is small. Still, this gradual U-turn reflects a relative decline in the desirability of life in parts of Europe, compared with some developing countries.

Mass immigration to France started in the 1960s, as the economy grew strongly, creating jobs. In addition to migrants from southern Europe, workers came from France's former colonies, in particular Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia.

As France's economy slowed in subsequent decades, however, unemployment rose, and hasn't dipped below 7% for the past quarter of a century. In recent years, the jobless rate for immigrants has been around twice that of non-immigrants. Now that France is in recession, the first jobs to go are often those filled by minorities.

Most of the French "returnees" are of Moroccan background, according to people who have studied the phenomenon, though there is also a trickle to other former French colonies, such as Algeria and Vietnam. In 2002, Rabat set up a "Ministry for the Overseas Moroccan Community," to encourage émigrés to return and invest their skills in their native land.

Morocco is also becoming more open and prosperous. Overhauls under King Mohammad VI, who ascended to the throne in 1999, have improved freedom of expression and women's rights. In addition, the country has formed free-trade agreements with the U.S. and the European Union. The economy expanded at an average of more than 4% from 2000 to 2008, and even this year is expected to post growth higher than that. While a large number of rural poor keep Morocco relatively low in international measures of economic prosperity, city life can be good for better-off residents.

Life can be better than in France. Surveys show that in France, applicants for a job have around a third the chance of getting a reply if their name sounds Arab or African as they do with a more traditional French name.

But no one knows the exact extent of inequality: The French Republic's doctrine that everyone is equal has so far ruled out the collection of statistics on race and religion. As a result, unlike in the U.S., there are no detailed data on how many French people are black, Arab or Asian -- and how they fare in education and work.

Opponents say that such an ethnic census would divide society by validating the existence of groups based on race and religion.

President Nicolas Sarkozy, acknowledging the problem, said before his 2007 election that he wanted better ways to measure discrimination, and in December he appointed a commissioner for diversity. Algerian-born Yazid Sabeg recently published a report in which he recommended that people be allowed to identify -- but not in a mandatory way -- which ethnic group they belong to on official documents.

"We need to measure the negative situation that is the result of different appearances," Mr. Sabeg said in a recent interview in his office on Paris's Left Bank. "It's very important for France to get out of its fantasy that there is no discrimination."

A French education is highly valued in former colonies, and salaries are good relative to the cost of living.

In Morocco, former émigrés are very welcome. Big European companies have been actively recruiting French-educated staff for their units there over the past three or four years, says Jamal Belahrach, president of the North African operations of job agency Manpower. The recruits find they can rise faster in their careers than they would have in France -- and are surprised to find a country different from the one their parents left. "There's a generation who didn't see Morocco in the past, and now sees the modern Morocco," he says.

Barka Biye's parents had moved to France from Morocco when she was just two months old. Ms. Biye graduated in law from the University of Paris, and then worked for several years in insurance. In 2007, she decided to look for a job in Morocco. She found one with a French insurance company in Casablanca in just two weeks.

"I thought I could play my part in the evolution of a country going through big changes," she says. "Morocco is expanding fast, and the companies who set up there want managers educated in Europe and at the same time capable of understanding the country's culture."

When Ms. El Kahlaoui was job-hunting in the late 1990s, she had trouble finding an interesting job, even though she held an undergraduate degree in chemistry from the University of Paris and another in marketing from ESSEC, an elite business school.

When she asked a university careers adviser why she was having so much trouble, the woman gave her some advice: "She told me I had to change my name and address," says Ms. El Kahlaoui. The problem: Her name and address told potential employers she was from a typical North African immigrant background.

In Casablanca, Ms. El Kahlaoui started off working for French pharmaceuticals company Pierre Fabre and then German cosmetics group Beiersdorf before joining a small retail consultancy.

She says she's happy in Morocco, but being there makes her feel very French. "I will come back ," she says, "but only when the system can generally accept people like me.

The Wall Street Journal

[alien]

Most of the French "returnees" are of Moroccan background, according to people who have studied the phenomenon, though there is also a trickle to other former French colonies, such as Algeria and Vietnam. In 2002, Rabat set up a "Ministry for the Overseas Moroccan Community," to encourage émigrés to return and invest their skills in their native land.

Morocco is also becoming more open and prosperous. Overhauls under King Mohammad VI, who ascended to the throne in 1999, have improved freedom of expression and women's rights. In addition, the country has formed free-trade agreements with the U.S. and the European Union. The economy expanded at an average of more than 4% from 2000 to 2008, and even this year is expected to post growth higher than that. While a large number of rural poor keep Morocco relatively low in international measures of economic prosperity, city life can be good for better-off residents.
-----------------------------
LoL le wall street journal fait l'éloge du Maroc... typiquement mkhaznien diraient certains héhéhé

[mustafa]

Heureuse, Nawal El Kahlaoui espère un jour revenir en France, "quand le système pourra accepter les gens comme moi".

Je n'aime pas ces gens qui n' utilise le Maroc que pour filet des sécurité, pou pour leur vacances et non par patriotisme

[Beidawi II]

Il faut les comprendre.
un marocain sur cinq dans le monde vit ailleurs qu'au Maroc, les marocains sont de nature très attirés par l'étranger, et par la transhumance.
C'est comme ça.

[Neutrino]

De plus en plus de diplômés français d'origine immigrée retournent dans le pays d'origine de leurs parents, faute d'emplois en France. Et plus particulièrement vers le très dynamique Maroc.

surtout dans le domaine du Hash!